Old French Dictionary (R-Z)
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This glossary (R-Z) can provide a valuable reference for French words in general use during the 15th century. It also includes words from other European languages as well, such as Latin and Greek, that heavily influenced the French language at the time. This dictionary may also explore the derivation of certain words or phrases in order to further clarify their meaning. The French language has undergone many changes over the last 500 years, mostly due to alterations in lifestyles, and improvements in technology. All this must be taken into account when attempting to translate Old French prophecies like those of Nostradamus.
Rabaissera - (O.F., v.i., fut.) will reduce, diminish, cut off
Rabiuse - (L., a.) raving, mad, raging
Ralie - (O.F., v.i.) rally
Rameaux - (O.F., n.) branch, branches
Raze - (F., n.) raze, raid, ruin
Rebeller - (O.F., n.) rebellion
Rebours - (O.F., p.) reversed
Recouvree - (O.F., v.i.) recovered
Reduict - (F., a.) changed, also: reduced, rebuilt, restored
Refusera - (O.F., v.i., fut.) will refuse
Rege - (O.F., n.) the regal one, ruler, master
Regne
- (O.F., n.m.) reign, kingdom, realm
source: Randall Cotgrave's 1611 Old French Dictionary
Regner - (F., v.i.) reign
Rendre - (O.F., v.i.) render, undertake, commit
Renomme - (O.F., n.) renown, position, fame, power
Renoue - (F., a.) renewed
Repentiras - (O.F., a.) unaware
Repose - (O.F., v.i.) resting
Reprouve - (O.F., a.) reproved, condemned
Republique - (O.F., n.) republic
Ressusciter - (F, v.) ressusitate, resurrect
Retour - (O.F., v.i.) return
Reveindra - (O.F., v.i. fut.) will return
Revolu - (O.F., a.) revolved, accomplished, elapsed
Rhin - (O.F., n.) Rhine
Rien
- (F., n.) nil, no one, nothing
source: Randall Cotgrave's 1611 Old French Dictionary
Rivera - (O.F., n.) Spanish dictator - Primo de Rivera
Rite/rit - (O.F., n.) ancient rite
Robe - (O.F., n.) robe, coat
Rochiers - (O.F., n.) rock-monoliths
Rocs/Rocz - (O.F., n., plur.) rock structures, stone buildings
Roi/Roy - (O.F., n.) leader, king
Roigneux - (O.F., a.) imperfect, sickly
Romain - (O.F., n.) Roman, Italian
Romone - (O.F., n.) Rome
Ronde - (F., a.) round
Rose - (O.F., n.f.) rose, flower
Rouge - (O.F., n.) red
Rougir - (O.F., v.i.) to make red, redden
Rougira
- (O.F., v. fut.) will spin around
note: from Old French "gira" - to gyrate
note: rou-gire, rou-gira (fut.) - (round-gyrate) spin around
Rouler - (O.F., v.i.) catalogue, record
Roustir - (O.F., p.) roasting
Rude - (O.F., a.) rude
Ruine - (O.F., n.) ruin, destruction
Sa - (O.F., p., fem.) her, its
Sacer
- (O.F., n.) a sacred preist
note: ancient French "sacer" - sacred one, priest
Sacre - (F., a.) priestly, holy, sacred
Saignera - (O.F., v.i. fut.) will bleed
Saint - (O.F., n.) sainted, holy
Saisi/Saisiz - (O.F., v.t.) seize, seized
Samarobryn - (O.F., v.i.) pour, pouring
Sang - (O.F., n.) blood
Sanguin - (O.F., n.) bloody, ruddy, hearty celebration
Sans - (O.F., p.) without
Sante - (F., n.) health, wellness
Sardaigne - (O.F., n.) Sardinia
Satrapie - (O.F., n.) satrap, tyrannical government
Sauts - (O.F., n.) great leaps, accomplishments
Sauve - (O.F., a.) wild, savage
Sceleste - (O.F., n.) criminal, villain
Scisme - (O.F., n.) schism
Se - (O.F., p.) oneself, they, themselves, etc.
Secours - (O.F., n.m.) help
Seconde - (F., a.) second
Secret - (O.F., a.) secret, hidden
Secte - (O.F., n.) sect
Seduicts - (O.F., v.i.) seduce, deceive
Seduira - (O.F., v.i., fut.) will seduce
Selin - (O.F., n.) Sultan, Selim
Selle - (O.F., n.) stool
Sept - (O.F., a.) seven, seventh
Septante - (O.F., a.) seventy
Sera/Seront - (O.F., v.i. fut.) will make, cause to be, create
Serrez - (O.F., a.) squeezed, enclosed
Seur - (O.F., v.i., fut.) one will, they will
Seul - (O.F., a.) alone
Sex/Sext - (O.F., a.) six, sixth
Si - (O.F., p.) so, such
Siecle
- (O.F., n.) cycle, age, a period of time
source: Randall Cotgrave's 1611 Old French Dictionary
Siege - (O.F., n.) royal seat, holy seat
Sien - (O.F., p.) alone, on his own
Signez - (O.F., n.a. plur.) signals, signs, signed, marked
Simple - (O.F., a.) simple, innocent
Singulier - (O.F., a.) singular
Six - (O.F., a.) six
Soif - (O.F., n.) thirst
Soilard - (O.F., n.) "soiled-one", a housekeeper or washperson
Solitude - (O.F., n.) peace, quiet, solitude
Soluz - (O.F., a.) alone, solitary, separate
Son - (F., a.) his, her, its
Sordide - (O.F., a.) sordid, mean, antagonous, vile
Sortant - (O.F., p.) out of, out from
Sortira - (O.F., v.i. fut.) will leave, will depart
Soulz - (O.F., a.) hidden under, subtle
Soupire - (O.F., v.i.) to sigh, gasp
Sous - (O.F., a.) under
Sousten - (O.F., v.i.) sustain, support
Subit - (O.F., a.) sudden
Subjugant - (O.F., p.) capturing, subduing
Succumbera - (O.F., v.i., fut.) will succumb
Suffocque - (O.F., v.i.) suffocate, choke, strangle, come to an end
Suitte - (O.F., n.) chase, pursuit
Sunto - (O.F., v.i.) go away, stay away
Sur/Surle - (O.F., p.) over, by way of, on top of
Surmontera - (F., v.t., fut.) will defeat
Surprins - (O.F., n.) surprise
Surrez - (F., v.i.) assurred
Suscitees
- (O.F., n.) resusitate, rise again
note: from French "susciter" - resusitate
Suspendue - (F., p.) suspended
Ta/Tes/Ton - (O.F., a.) your, thy
Tant - (O.F., a.) so much, so long
Tard - (O.F., a.) late, too late
Taurer - (O.F., n.) papal bull
Tel/Telle - (O.F., a.) like, so, such (fem.)
Temp/Temps - (O.F., n.) time, times
Tempre - (O.F., a.) tempered
Tenu
- (O.F., v. past.) held
note: from French "tenir, tiendra" - take, hold, confine
Terme - (O.F., n.) term
Terre/Terra - (O.F., n.f.) earth, ground, land, island, mainland, etc.
Terrestre - (O.F., a.) terrestrial, land-going
Tesmoins - (O.F., v.i.) testify, witness
Teste - (F., n.) trial, severe
Thuille - (O.F., n.) tiles, the Thuileries
Tiens - (O.F., prep.) yours, thine
Tiendra
- (O.F., v. fut.) will hold
note: from French "tenir, tiendra" - take, hold, confine
Tiers - (O.F., a.) third, third order (Dominicans)
Tiltre
- (O.F., v.i.) tittle, to go back, to complete, to avenge
note: Old French "tiltre" - "a brace of dogs layed
in a place to let slip at a deer as he passeth by"
source: Randall Cotgrave's 1611 Old French Dictionary
Ton - (O.F., prep.) your, their, thine
Tost - (O.F., a.) quickly, suddenly
Tour - (O.F., n.f.) towers
Tournera - (O.F., v.i. fut.) will return
Tous - (O.F., a.) all, totally, entirely, completely
Toy - (O.F., prep.) you, thee
Tradiment - (O.F., n.) treachery
Trahir - (O.F., v.i., n.) betray, deceive, commit a traitorous act
Tranche - (O.F., v.i.) trenching, cutting, slicing
Tranner
- (O.F., v.i.) swim across, cross over
note: from Latin "trano, tranner" - to swim accross
Tranquil - (O.F., n.) tranquility
Trappe - (O.F., n.) a great troop, an army
Treisner
- (F., n.) a difficult trek, movement, or assault
note: from Old French "traisner" - to move with great difficulty, drag
Tres - (O.F., a.) much, most, very
Trembler - (O.F., n.) trembling
Trestous - (O.F., p.) each and every, everyone
Tributaire - (F., n.) tributaries, those paying tribute, grants
Triumphe/Triomphe - (O.F., n.) triumph
Trois - (O.F., a.) three
Trop - (O.F., n.) much, too much
Trou - (O.F., n.) peep-hole, spy glass
Trouble - (O.F., n.) trouble, confusion
Troupe - (O.F., n.) many, a company of people
Trouve/Trouver - (O.F., v.i.) find, discover, prove, reveal
Trucider - (O.F., v.t.) to kill in revenge
Tu - (O.F., a.) wholly, entirely, totally, completely
Tuera - (O.F., v., fut.) will murder
Tumbera - (O.F., v.i., fut.) will tumble, will fall
Tunis - (F., n.) Tunis
Tyrannie - (O.F., n.) tyranny, tyrannous rule
Un/Une - (L., a.) one
Unde - (L., p.) whence, from where
Vague - (O.F., n.) waves
Vaillant - (O.F., a.) forceful, valiant, daring
Vain - (O.F., p.) in vain
Vapir - (O.F., n.) vapor, mist, a mental conception
Vaste - (O.F., a.) great, immense, vast
Vaultorte - (O.F., a.) alternate, indirect
Vendu - (O.F., n.) sell, price, cost
Vents - (O.F., n.) venting, idle talk, diatribe, slander
Venise/Venus - (O.F., n.) Venice, Kingdom of Italy
Venger - (O.F., v.t) to avenge, take vengeance
Venu/Venuz - (O.F., v.i.) arrive, arrived
Verront - (O.F., v.i. fut.) see, will see
Verser - (O.F., v.t.) pour, spill
Versus - (L., n.) poetry, verses
Veufve - (O.F., a.) left, widowed, abandoned
Vexer - (O.F., p.) vexing, confusing
Victeur - (O.F., n.) victor, victorious
Victoire - (O>F., n.) victory, success
Viendra
- (O.F., v.i., fut.) will come
note: from French "venir" - to come
Vierge
- (O.F., a.) pure, virgin
note: ancient French "verge" - truthful, pure
Vieux - (F., a.) aged, elder
Vif - (O.F., a.) quick, instantaneous
Vilain - (O.F., n.) villain
Vint/Vingt - (O.F., a.) twenty
Virtu/Vitupere - (O.F., n.) virtue
Vis-a-Vis - (O.F., a.) opposite, face-to-face
Vivront - (O.F., v.i., fut.) (he, she, it, they) will live
Voulant/Vouldre - (O.F., v.i.) want, wish, desire
Voyage - (F., n.) voyage, trip, journey
Vulgas - (O.F., a.) vulgar
Yeux
- (O.F., n.) eye
note: another form of French "oeil" - eye
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The above glossary (R-Z) lists specific references to many Old French words that were in general use during the 15th century in France. Its references may also be found in modern French dictionaries such as Cassell's French Dictionary (hardcover edition) and other texts such as Randall Cotgrave's 1611 French Dictionary. The Old French word definitions may often be found under the classical "class." or figurative "fig." definitions. If you can't find the appropriate definition in the French section of the dictionary, try doing a reverse look-up in the English section of the same dictionary. The 15th century Old French language made heavy use of both Latin and Greek words. These Latin and Greek word definitions can be verified by researching the appropriate Latin or Greek dictionaries. These definitions can also sometimes be found in old Bible manuscripts. The Bible writer Paul of Tarsus wrote in the Greek language. Some word definitions have survived almost completely intact into modern times, and can be located by simply typing them into an Internet search engine. If you would like to learn more about the writings of the classical prophets, and how their prophecies may relate to events of the future, please click on the link below and order your copy of Edward Oliver's 350-page book, "Prophets and Frauds."
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